Android Uni 2 :What is Fragment in Android for B.C.A., B.Sc.IT, M.C.A. and All IT Students

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Prepared By : Uday Shah (HOD-IT)
E-Mail : udayshah80@gmail.com
Contact No : 7600044051

What is Fragment? 

• A fragment is an independent Android component which can be used by an activity. A fragment encapsulates functionality so that it is easier to reuse within activities and layouts.
• A fragment runs in the context of an activity, but has its own life cycle and typically its own user interface. It is also possible to define fragments without an user interface, i.e., headless fragments.
• Android devices exists in a variety of screen sizes and densities. Fragments simplify the reuse of components in different layouts and their logic. You can build single-pane layouts for handsets (phones) and multi-pane layouts for tablets. You can also use fragments also to support different layout for landscape and portrait orientation on a smartphone.
• As it is possible to dynamically add and remove fragments from an activity. The usage of fragments allows to design very flexible user interfaces.
• The typical example is a list of items in an activity. On a tablet you see the details immediately on the same screen on the right hand side if you click on item. On a smartphone you jump to a new detail screen. 

         ·         onAttach(Activity)          : it is called only once when it is attached with activity.

        ·         onCreate(Bundle)  : It is used to initialize the fragment.

        ·         onCreateView(LayoutInflater, ViewGroup, Bundle) : creates and returns view hierarchy.

        ·         onActivityCreated(Bundle)       : It is invoked after the completion of onCreate() method.

      ·         onViewStateRestored(Bundle) : It provides information to the fragment that all the saved state of fragment view hierarchy has been restored.

        ·         onStart()      : makes the fragment visible.

        ·         onResume() : makes the fragment interactive.

        ·         onPause()    : is called when fragment is no longer interactive.

        ·         onStop()      : is called when fragment is no longer visible.

        ·         onDestroyView()  : allows the fragment to clean up resources.

        ·         onDestroy() : allows the fragment to do final clean up of fragment state.

·      onDetach()  : It is called immediately prior to the fragment no longer being associated with its activity.

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